Tag Archives: books

The Silence Between Questions

by Crystel Harb, DO, MPH, DipABLM

Clinic was already running behind when she knocked on my office door. The fluorescent glow of the computer screen was the only light in the office. Outside, the clinic hummed with a sense of muted urgency. My resident looked flushed, a stack of papers with her laptop pressed to her chest like a shield. “Can you come in with me to see this patient?” she asked, voice steady but just above a whisper.

In the hallway, my resident, an incoming intern, confessed, “I’m nervous. I’ve never managed uncontrolled diabetes with complications alone.” I nodded, remembering my own first time managing a patient with complex co-morbidities, noting the slight tremor in her voice as she spoke. “We’ll do it together. You’ll lead the history; I’ll guide the plan.”

The patient was a middle-aged man with diabetes A1c of 10%, knees stiff from years of construction work, eyes tired in a way that went deeper than lack of sleep. He’d been in before, cycling through medications, labs, and referrals, but today he had one simple question: “Why does it feel like I’m doing everything, and nothing is changing?”

The resident shifted in her chair. She clicked her pen twice, then began reciting the script: lab results, adjustments to medications, a reminder about diet and exercise. Her words sounded correct, but the man’s eyes only grew duller, his shoulders slumping as if each phrase added weight instead of relief.

I felt the tug – the urge to step in, smooth the moment over, offer the polished blend of empathy and clinical advice that years of practice had made second nature. But I caught myself. I remembered being in her place, decades ago, stumbling through the space between a patient’s frustration and my own fear of failing them. My attending hadn’t rescued me then. They had let me sit in the discomfort until I realized that sometimes what mattered wasn’t my answer, but my listening.

So I stayed quiet.

The resident hesitated, sensing the silence stretch, and then something shifted. She leaned forward, softened her voice, and asked, “Can you tell me what feels hardest for you right now?”

The man looked up, surprised. His story tumbled out – not about A1cs or medication side effects, but about loneliness, missing work, the way cooking for one made meals feel meaningless. The resident nodded, asked gentle questions, let the pauses breathe. By the end of the visit, no miracle had occurred – his numbers hadn’t improved, his diagnoses hadn’t vanished – but his shoulders lifted, and there was a flicker of relief in his eyes. Someone had heard him.

After he left, the resident turned to me, cheeks flushed again, but this time with something different. “I almost lost him,” she admitted. “I didn’t know what to say.”

“You didn’t lose him,” I said. “You found the right question.”

That afternoon lingered long after the clinic emptied. I thought about the time I’d spent chasing efficiency, perfecting phrases, convincing myself that being a good doctor meant always knowing the right answer. But teaching has taught me otherwise. Sometimes the most important lessons come in the moments when we resist the urge to rescue and instead let silence guide our learners toward their own voice.

In that quiet moment, I realized: teaching was not a one-way street, but a circular, dynamic process. By guiding others, they were forced to articulate, to reflect, to confront their own limitations and hopes.

And in that silence, I remembered too: medicine isn’t just about solving problems. It’s about sitting in the spaces where problems can’t be solved quickly and learning to be present anyway.

Growing Your Writing Practice

by Sarina Schrager, MD, MS, Family Medicine Editor-in-Chief, and Jose Rodriguez, MD, FAAFP

“It’s none of their business that you have to learn how to write. Let them think you were born that way.”

—Ernest Hemingway

Writing is hard; there are no two ways about it. Starting a paper or narrative can be daunting. How should I start? What if it is not good? Will anyone want to read it? These questions arise even for accomplished writers. The best writers still work very hard at writing. In this blog, I share lessons I have learned during more than 30 years of writing in academic family medicine, along with resources I have found helpful. I encourage you to read these suggestions and share what works for you.

Find Time to Write and Block Your Schedule

It may seem like an oversimplification to say, “Just find the time to write.” We all know it can be difficult to fit writing into busy schedules filled with clinical, teaching, and administrative responsibilities. However, if you do not block time on your calendar to write, writing will continually be pushed to the bottom of your to-do list. You have to make the time to write.

In his 2009 article, “Tuesdays to Write,” Lowenstein describes restructuring his schedule so that his academic work occurred on Tuesdays, allowing him to carve out dedicated writing time each week.1 Some people write best early in the morning, whereas others are most productive late at night. For example, I write best early in the morning, whereas a colleague does their best writing at night. After 4 PM, my writing brain simply does not work.

Similarly, some people can write productively during a spontaneous 30-minute opening in their schedule, whereas others need at least a 2-hour block. Consider scheduling dedicated “writing time” on your calendar so other meetings are less likely to replace it.

Plan to Revise

“Almost all good writing begins with terrible first efforts. You need to start somewhere.”

—Anne Lamott, Bird by Bird

Becoming a good writer—or producing good writing—takes time, effort, and multiple revisions. In Draft No. 4, John McPhee describes routinely writing at least 4 drafts of every manuscript.2 By the fourth draft, the manuscript has usually become coherent enough to share with others. His process can be summarized as follows:

  • Draft 1: Get something on the page.
  • Draft 2: Develop your argument.
  • Draft 3: Refine word choice and improve the flow of your argument.
  • Draft 4: Polish the writing, use a thesaurus if needed, and read the manuscript aloud.

Ask for Feedback

Once you reach Draft 4, you are ready to seek feedback. Many authors submit manuscripts without asking colleagues or friends to review them first. Although the peer-review process provides valuable suggestions, colleagues often identify many of the same opportunities for improvement before submission.

There are several low-stress ways to receive feedback. An accountability partner or writing partner (eg, Prolific Partners) can be helpful. Writing groups are another excellent option because everyone shares their work, reducing the self-consciousness that often accompanies sharing your writing.

Reflect on Your Writing Process

Everyone writes differently, so there is no single perfect list of writing tips. Think about the times when you are most productive. Where were you? What time of day was it? What aspects of the setting contributed to your productivity?

Before I begin writing, I spend time thinking about how I want to structure the piece and how I want to begin. I create an outline, although it often resembles a stream of consciousness. Draft 1 is the hardest part for me because getting started is difficult. Once I have something on the page, revision becomes much easier.

Others find drafting easy but struggle with editing, searching endlessly for the “perfect” word. Still others never reach Draft 4 because they continually discover new ways to improve a sentence. Every writer is different.

Other strategies may also improve writing productivity. Consider working on 2 projects simultaneously. Pairing a small project with a larger one—or a challenging project with one you enjoy—allows you to switch between them and maintain momentum. Joining a writing challenge can also provide encouragement and accountability. Writing challenges vary in length, lasting anywhere from 1 week to 1 month, but they all encourage participants to write consistently each day.

The STFM community is filled with prolific, talented writers. What strategies have helped you develop your writing practice?


References

  1. McPhee J. Draft No. 4. Farrar, Straus and Giroux; 2017.
  2. Lowenstein SR. Tuesdays to Write: A Guide to Time Management in Academic Emergency Medicine. Acad Emerg Med. 2009.

Writing With a Team

by Sarina Schrager, MD, MS,
Family Medicine Editor-in-Chief

Writing for publication is hard work, especially if you are doing it alone. I find that having a team to write papers with makes the experience easier and more engaging. But, in order to make the process move smoothly, it makes sense to spend a little bit of time at the outset to set some ground rules.

  • Delegation of responsibilities—There are a lot of details to address when writing a paper and I find that is pays off at the end to be clear about who is going to do what at the beginning.  My colleagues and I divide tasks, including being in charge of the reference manager, finding author instructions for potential journals, and delegating one person to be the “corresponding author”. The designated corresponding author will be responsible for sending calendar invites, Zoom meeting information, and reminders throughout the process.
  • Authorship guidelines—You want to avoid any misunderstandings about author order or even who is included in the author list. There are myriad ways to decide who will be the first author and the senior author. It is helpful to talk about this order at the beginning. There may also be decisions about who is going to be an author vs being acknowledged at the end of the paper. I have had situations where one of the co-authors ended up doing much more work than the person who was designated as the first author and the group had a conversation about reordering author lists.
  • Outline of paper—Before starting to write, the group should sit down and develop an outline of what needs to be covered. During this process, different authors may volunteer (or be assigned) different sections. You may elect to use a Google Doc or have people write their sections in Microsoft Word to be forwarded to one designated person to integrate each section into the whole document.
  • References—You may also want to decide how to designate references at this point. Should authors put citations into a comment?  Or at the end?  It is helpful to be clear about this at the beginning. Some people may want to number their references, but this makes integration more challenging, so I usually recommend writing the author’s name and a date in parentheses and just adding the citation somewhere in the document.   It is also helpful to decide at the beginning how you are going to manage references. It can be tricky to integrate several different reference lists from different (or even the same) reference managers. One way to manage this aspect of your paper is to assign someone at the beginning to be in charge of references and have each author forward citations to that person.
  • Deadlines—One thing I love about writing in a group is that everyone is accountable to each other. Unless you are planning to submit to a special issue with a rigid time frame , writing a paper comes with artificial deadlines. But, that said, setting firm deadlines and scheduling regular meetings can keep a project moving forward.
  • Editing—Once each author has written their first draft and the sections have been assembled into one unique document, one author may take the lead in making the paper sound like it has one voice. People write differently and it can be distracting to read a paper that is obviously written by different people. Each author will then want to edit for content and readability using track changes. Ultimately, the corresponding author will accept all track changes and finalize the paper.
  • Postwriting tasks—After you are finished writing the final draft of your paper, someone needs to take the lead and submit the paper to the desired journal. This process, even after reading the author instructions carefully, can take a couple of hours. The corresponding author (often the first author but sometimes the senior author or one of the other contributing authors) will need to upload information about each author, designate suggested reviewers (for some journals), and write a cover letter among other tasks.  Also, it is a great idea to discuss who will take the lead in revising the paper if you get a revision request from the journal and who will be responsible for resubmitting to a different journal if your paper is rejected.
  • Opportunities for mentoring—Writing in a team is an excellent way for more experienced authors to provide support and mentoring to more junior authors. By using clear communication and empowering junior faculty to take ownership of the writing process, mentors can role model a streamlined and effective way to write for publication.

See our recent FM Focus on this topic, “Team Writing Etiquette in Verse”  Team Writing Etiquette in VERSE